The Effect of Liver Injury on the Conjugation of Benzoic Acid in the Dog*
نویسنده
چکیده
In a recent study (1) it was found that the synthesis of hippuric acid is markedly diminished in various diseases of the liver especially those in which jaundice is present. These results are all the more interesting because in spite of the extensive research that has been done on hippuric acid, little attention has hitherto been given to the effect of liver damage. The discovery of Bunge and Schmiedeberg (2) that the synthesis of hippuric acid in the dog takes place only in the kidney, led to the tacit assumption that even in man the liver is of little importance in the detoxication of benzoic acid. Most workers, moreover, assumed that the formation of hippuric acid represented the sole conjugation that benzoic acid underwent in the organism; consequently, they ignored the combination with glycuronic acid, which in case of the dog led to a serious error. Since the conjugation of benzoic acid in the human differs from that in the dog and other animals, it is not permissible to apply indiscriminately the data obtained on lower animals to man. A few studies on man have been made. In 1858, Kiihne (3) reported that he could find no hippuric acid in the urine of a patient with obstructive jaundice. Zimmermann (4) found that after giving sidonal, a salt of quinic acid, to a patient with a biliary fistula, free benzoic acid but no hippuric acid appeared in the urine. Folwarczny (5) and more recently Snapper (6) found that hippuric acid is synthesized in patients with obstructive jaundice. Bryan (7) studied the synthesis of hippuric acid in a small series
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